My PhD research focused on Atmospheric Chemistry, consisting of laboratory studies and field measurements of trace gas and aerosol composition using online mass spectrometry. My PhD thesis is available here.

Air Pollution in Megacities

I conducted field measurements as part of the NERC-Newton Fund Joint UK-China Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health (APHH) project in urban Beijing during winter 2016 and summer 2017. A summary of the findings from this field study can be found in the APHH Beijing Final Report.

We used an Aerodyne/Tofwerk time-of-flight chemical ionisation mass spectrometer (ToF-CIMS) with iodide ionisation coupled with a filter inlet for gases and aerosols (FIGAERO) to study both trace gas and particle phase chemical composition.

My analysis of measurements using positive matrix factorisation (PMF) is published in the Royal Society of Chemistry’s Faraday Discussions:

Using highly time-resolved online mass spectrometry to examine biogenic and anthropogenic contributions to organic aerosol in Beijing

This work has also contributed to several co-authored publications which focus on the chemistry of the urban atmosphere:

Production of N2O5 and ClNO2 in summer in urban Beijing, China

Intercomparison of nitrous acid (HONO) measurement techniques in a megacity (Beijing)

Strong anthropogenic control of secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene in Beijing

Low-NO atmospheric oxidation pathways in a polluted megacity

Strong anthropogenic control of secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene in Beijing

Evaluating the sensitivity of radical chemistry and ozone formation to ambient VOCs and NOx in Beijing

Observations of organic and inorganic chlorinated compounds and their contribution to chlorine radical concentrations in an urban environment in northern Europe during the wintertime

Key Role of NO3 Radicals in the Production of Isoprene Nitrates and Nitrooxyorganosulfates in Beijing

Aerosol from Plant Emissions

Emissions from plants and vegetation are important for aerosol formation on a global scale. Their emission speciation and magnitude is diverse around the world and it remains unclear if the most widely studied compounds are representative of real plant emissions.

This study was led by the University of California Irvine in collaboration with Aerodyne Research Inc. and focused on the atypical emission profile of california sage plants and their oxidation to form organic aerosol. I recently published on the findings of this study:

Oligomer and highly oxygenated organic molecule formation from oxidation of oxygenated monoterpenes emitted by California sage plants

Aromatic Oxidation Chemistry

Aromatic hydrocarbons are emitted from human activity in urban and industrialised areas and can influence tropospheric chemistry and lead to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation.

There remain uncertainties in their oxidation chemistry and aerosol formation. I designed and led a study to improve our understanding of this using a suite of mass spectrometry based techniques at Aerodyne Research Inc. during the summer of 2017, in collaboration with The University of York and Fudan University. I recently published on the findings of this study:

Evaluation of the chemical composition of gas- and particle-phase products of aromatic oxidation

I also contributed to several co-authored publications focusing on different aspects of aromatic oxidation chemistry:

Chemical characterisation of benzene oxidation products under high and low NOx conditions using chemical ionisation mass spectrometry

Oxygenated products formed from OH-initiated reactions of trimethylbenzene: autoxidation and accretion

Airborne Mass Spectrometry

During January 2019 I took part in the NERC-funded Methane Observations and Yearly Assesments (MOYA) project in Uganda, which involved running the ToF-CIMS aboard the FAAM Research Aircraft.

Though focused on the global methane emission budget, this campaign allowed for measurements of biomass burning and atmospheric composition in poorly investigated regions of Uganda, Tanzania and Zambia. I contributed to a recent publication detailing results from this project:

Airborne measurements of fire Emission Factors for African biomass burning sampled during the MOYA Campaign